After extinguishing a wildfire, smoke rises from smoldering hot spots, releasing harmful chemicals into the air that firefighters may inhale for extended periods. This phase of fire suppression, according to a former Manitoba wildland firefighter, represents the peak of poor air quality.
The firefighter described how after a day’s work, they would find their nose covered in black soot, highlighting the occupational hazards faced while battling wildfires. As the frequency and intensity of wildfires in Canada continue to rise, experts warn that firefighters will likely encounter increased exposure to smoke.
Christopher Pascoe, an associate professor at the University of Manitoba specializing in chronic respiratory diseases, emphasized the importance of minimizing smoke exposure. While Manitoba has provided disposable masks and training to mitigate air pollution risks for firefighters, the reality of protecting against wildfire smoke is complex.
During grueling 15-hour shifts filled with physically demanding tasks, the former firefighter mentioned that air quality concerns often took a back seat. However, Pascoe highlighted the health risks associated with inhaling wildfire smoke, ranging from short-term breathing difficulties to long-term implications like heart and lung diseases.
Certain masks, such as respirators, can effectively filter out dangerous particles in wildfire smoke, but their usage poses challenges. The Manitoba Government and General Employees’ Union raised concerns about the practicality of bulky face coverings hindering firefighters in their duties.
While disposable N95 masks are available to firefighters in Manitoba, Pascoe noted that these masks, if not worn properly, may not offer adequate protection against hazardous gases. He suggested that respirators with cartridges could be a more suitable option for filtering wildfire smoke particles.
Ian Bushie, Manitoba’s Natural Resources Minister, acknowledged the need to safeguard firefighters from wildfire smoke risks but highlighted the physical constraints faced while wearing masks. Despite efforts to provide respiratory protection gear, concerns about heat exhaustion and breathing difficulties persist among firefighters.
In British Columbia, strategies like rotating crews in smoky areas and finding clean air spaces for rest are employed to reduce smoke exposure. Natasha Broznitsky from the BC Wildfire Service emphasized that respiratory protection is only one aspect of a comprehensive safety plan.
As wildfire seasons become more severe, the importance of enhancing protective measures against smoke exposure becomes increasingly evident. Drew Lichty, an occupational hygienist, stressed the significance of supplying respirators to firefighters as a crucial step in safeguarding their health amid escalating wildfire risks.
